I tried maybe 15 years ago and it went about as well as you’d expect for back then. But I’m starting to get the itch again.
Have any of you tried relatively recently? How impossible is it to get reliable deliverability to gmail and whatnot these days?
I’ve been hosting my own email servers for 20 years without issue. But email systems were a huge part of my IT career so it was easy.
It works great if you have static IPs and know what you’re doing in terms of following best practices. If you’re missing those two things you’re going to have a bad time.
If you have the statics and want to learn, I’d recommend purchasing a test domain and getting the kinks worked out before you move a domain you care about to your own system.
Any wisdoms to share?
Yeah, don’t do it.
Lol. After professionally hosting email for 15 years I’m happy to let someone else handle it now.
About 90% of incoming mail will be spam and it will be your job to make sure you are doing good job of classifying it so you don’t get junk in your inbox and don’t lose real mail in the spam folder.
Then for outgoing mail you need to make sure SPF, DKIM and DMARC are all in order.
Then there is all the usual stuff of security updates, backups, monitoring, alerting, logging and having a plan for internet outages.
Yes, it’s all doable but I won’t expect it be “set and forget”. I expect there will be quite a bit of tuning with some possible spam and delivery problems while you get kinks worked out.
I really like the idea of having my own server, where I could have a bunch of cool stuff like email, VPN, Nextcloud, and so much more. The primary reason why I don’t have a server like that, is because I can’t trust myself to follow the best practices. For a while now, I’ve been thinking that I should hire a proper professional to take care of all that.
I use YUNOhost on a VPS and it came with email out of the box. Which is just as well because I had no previous experience self-hosting!
I think I had a couple of emails get marked as spam in the beginning but everything has been totally fine for the last 2/3 years.
I have been self-hosting my mail server for the past 5 or 6 years with success. Recently my ISP decided to close port 25 so I have to use a third party to deliver my outgoing mail.
The fact that ISPs can do this should be a fkn outrage. But this is so far removed from what people care about. And so net neutrality gets eroded.
I don’t think they want to bother with the administration, they were forced to to stop anyone from spamming from random SMTP servers.
Because of dmarc and DKIM, we don’t really need this anymore, but there were good reasons for it.
I know some ISPs can enable it if you call them and ask them
If I had to make one suggestion, I would use a trusted third party to relay outbound e-mail such as AWS SES, mxroute, sendgrid, mailgun, etc. When I was looking for a job a few years ago, I found many potential employers’ systems would flag my e-mails as junk or simply delete them, and I had to revert to gmail. My second suggestion is to properly set up TLS/SSL for security, and SPF, DKIM, and DMARC for maximum deliverability. I’m currently using a deprecated application, but I’ve been testing mailcow which seems alright.
Beware that Mailgun doesn’t differentiate between transactional and marketing emails, this could hurt your deliverability.
I was actually recently discussing self-hosting email on Matrix a while ago, so I’ll just copy-paste below. Long story short, find the right existing email software you want to use, set it up correctly with a healthy IP address and domain (not blacklisted), the right DNS entries, and a PTR record, and it’ll work just fine.
Honestly, I haven’t had any issues with self-hosting email, and I’ve been doing it for the past 2 years. I think the trick is that you just need to set everything up correctly and then verify your setup with mail-tester.com to ensure all the headers, DNS entries, etc. are correct. There are some great projects that make it extremely easy to self-host, including Mailu github.com/mailu/mailu, Mailcow github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized, Docker mailserver (https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver), Stalwart github.com/stalwartlabs/stalwart, and I’m sure more. I’m currently using Mailu, but I have been eyeing Stalwart, which has recently gotten quite popular and implements modern email protocols and does everything in Rust.
If I were you and just wanted to take a stab at self-hosting email, I would start with Stalwart and see how you like it. The only caveat is that it doesn’t yet come with a webmail client, so if you wanted one, you’d have to separately add that to your setup.
Something you would need to think about though is your IP address. It must be static, and it should be in a healthy IP address range (not on any popular blacklists). You also need to be able to set up rDNS (reverse DNS) / PTR record, so you can point your IP address back to your email domain.
I’ve been self hosting email successfully for 20 years. My goto article for this question:
https://poolp.org/posts/2019-08-30/you-should-not-run-your-mail-server-because-mail-is-hard/
TLDR;
- Mail is not hard: people keep repeating that because they read it, not because they tried it
- Big Mailer Corps are quite happy with that myth, it keeps their userbase growing
- Big Mailer Corps control a large percentage of the e-mail address space which is good for none of us
- It’s ok that people have their e-mails hosted at Big Mailer Corps as long as there’s enough people outside too
I have not done so in the traditional sense in quite some years. My experience was that it was an increasing headache due to crashing into a wide variety of anti-spam efforts. Get email past one and crash into another.
Depending upon your use case – using the “forward to a smarthost” feature in some mail server packages to forward to a mailserver run by a SMTP service provider with whom you have an account might work for you. Then it still looks to local software like you have a local mailserver.
If I were going to do a conventional, no-smarthost mailserver today, I think that I would probably start out by setting up a bunch of spam-filtering stuff — SpamAssassin, I dunno what-all gets used these days on a “regular” account — and then emailing stuff from my server and seeing what throws up red flags. That’d let me actually see the scoring and stuff that’s killing email. Once I had it as clean as I could get it, I’d get a variety of people I know on different mail servers and ask them to respond back to a test email, and see what made it out.
No. I do that for my job and wouldn’t do it for personal use. HA/redundancy/security is too expensive.
I did mailinabox for a bit. Worked well but spam made me stop.
Reminder that you can go for hybrid approaches; receive email and host IMAP/webmail yourself, and send emails through someone like AWS. I am not saying you can’t do SMTP yourself, but if you want to just dip your toes, it’s an option.
You get many of the advantages; you control your email addresses, you store all of the email and control backups, etc.
…
And another thing: you could also play with https://chatmail.at/relays ; which is pretty cool. I had read about Delta Chat, but decided to play with it recently and… it’s blown my mind.
Yes I do host my email myself since tens of years.
No I do not self-host it at home
See here https://wiki.gardiol.org/doku.php?id=email%3Astart (disclaimer: my wiki)
Good read. Now I want to do it too.
I’ll add your blog to my small search engine I you don’t mind (kukei.eu)
Also, you don’t need that cookie prompt. If you only use technical cookies and no tracking, no consent needed.
Please add, i don’t mind.
I know I don’t need the prompt, i just never remembered to disable it…
As someone who tried to self-host it like a month ago (and seemingly still hasn’t got it fully working), I’ll just write out the overview of what I’ve done and let you (and others) comment on how correct and feasible it is.
Since my ISP doesn’t allow me to get a static IP address, I rented a VPS connection and made a wireguard tunnel from the VPS to my computer. This tunnel forwards traffic at all the necessary ports between the two machines. I really wasn’t familiar with all the necessary components for an entire mail server, so I chose mailcow since it packages everything into one single software (well, more like a bunch of docker containers). Another reason I went with mailcow was that I could easily find a github tutorial for how to set up mailcow with wireguard tunneling (it’s a bit outdated IMO, but the changes are minor). Mailcow also gives a nice portal interface listing out all the DNS entries you need to put in place to get it working perfectly.
In the end, I still see a few incoming emails getting dropped and reception time being an hour or so, and I’m not sure if it’s a problem with my tunnel or DNS or something else. But overall, I’d say it was much easier than setting up all the individual services myself.
Been self hosting email for a good while now and it’s been largely painless. My emails are not getting marked spam either. Although my only outgoing mails are to FOSS mailing lists and occasionally to individuals, not for anything business related.
I would say that if self hosting email sounds like something you’d be interested in, then it probably is worthwhile for you. I like being able to configure my mail server exactly the way I want it, and I have some server side scripts I wrote for server side mail processing, which is useful as I have several different mail clients so it makes sense to do processing on the server rather than trying to configure it on my many clients. It definitely falls into the “poweruser” category of activities but I’ve had fun and I enjoy my digital sovereignty.
I do it. Postfix+dovecot+spamassassin managed with ISPConfig running on a VPS. Works just fine, but my domains already have a long-ish good reputation so that may play a part on my experience. Biggest headache is to keep things running, which occasionally means jumping trough hoops microsoft(mostly) and others throw at you by flagging your server as spam for no apparent reason.
I recently set up the whole stack (Postfix, Dovecot, OpenDKIM) on a VPS. I wanted to do it from home, but my ISP won’t provide a static IP or open ports 25/465/587 for consumer customers, no exceptions.
It took me about two days to get everything working, but most of that was because I went in with very little knowledge of how email even actually works. If you’re looking for a learning experience, I’d say go for it. If you just want a working email setup quickly, I wouldn’t recommend it.
I haven’t noticed any deliverability issues so far. Just make sure you have SPF, DKIM, DMARC, and PTR records all set correctly from the start.
Which VPS provider are you using? Many of them end up blacklisted for mail delivery due to spammers using them.