As the other responder pointed out, this is not a simple issue (also at some point we switched from Slovenia to Czechia). There are at least two ways the east/central/west distinction applies. The first is geographical - every point that claims to be the middle of Europe is in or to the east of Czechia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_midpoint_of_Europe), so geographically it’s pretty clearly not eastern (which again, the original Wikipedia link also says - pretty sure they’re not all Nazis).

Politically it’s a more complex thing. A common American interpretation is “part of the Soviet bloc”. By that definition, yes, eastern Europe. But, there’s also a not uncommon perception that this means it’s a not well off country that is behind because of communism (see the movie Eurotrip for an example in pop culture). People who are in those countries would like to not have this association, so “central” is a way to avoid the Cold War era east/west split.

Universally by whom? Have you asked the Czechs? Wikipedia has it in central Europe: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic

Zero for the triggering action. A human rolled out a permissions change in a database that led to an unexpected failure in a different system because that other system was missing some safety checks when loading the data (non-zero chance that code was authored in some way by AI).